Climate education as adaptation: A scoping review of programs advancing maternal and newborn health

Climate change is a growing threat to maternal and newborn health (MNH). Climate-driven disasters can interfere with health systems and delivery, including the availability of and access to sexual and reproductive healthcare services. Climate-related stressors, from extreme weather events to escalating heat, are associated with many adverse pregnancy, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, pregnancy loss, stillbirth, preterm birth, and some congenital anomalies. Because antenatal and early-life exposures influence developmental trajectories, climate impacts that occur during pregnancy and/or shortly after birth may continue to negatively impact health throughout the lifecourse.